Germany hyperinflation Essay Essays

Germany hyperinflation Essay Essays Germany hyperinflation Essay Essay Germany hyperinflation Essay Essay In 1923. Germany experienced hyperinflation which about ruined the nation’s Mark. At the clip of this happening. Germany emerged from the first World War as a also-ran in more ways that one: Not merely did the state lose the war. but the application of Treaty of Versailles crippled the German economic system. The reverberations of England’s demands of war compensation from Germany led to the latter country’s turn with hyperinflation. Even as the American Dollar presently faces a devaluation. though non on the graduated table of 1923 Germany. the American Federal Reserve Board should be wary of its current pecuniary policy and zero rising prices methods. Hyperinflation refers to rising prices that rises rapidly due to lift in monetary values because of the rapid diminution in the value of a nation’s currency. There are assorted ways to specify the oncoming of hyperinflation. : As stated at Wikipedia. Philip Cagan claims an economic system possibly confronting hyperinflation in four ways: First. if a nation’s people choose to deprive from their nation’s pecuniary currency. choosing to put in other nation’s assets. for illustration ; 2nd. if the nation’s people see pecuniary sums in a foreign currency more stable than of the local currency ; 3rd. recognition gross revenues occur at monetary values that compensate for the doomed of currency value ; and 4th involvement rates. monetary values. and rewards are linked to the monetary value index and the cumulative rise of rising prices over a three twelvemonth period peers or surpasses the 100 per centum grade ( â€Å"Hyperinflation† ) . In the twelvemonth 1923 in Germany. rising prices hit 3. 25 * 10^6 per month. affecting monetary values that doubled every two yearss. Harmonizing to Wikipedia. most economic experts province. hyperinflation occurs with â€Å"an inflationary rhythm without a inclination towards equilibrium† ( â€Å"Hyperinflation† ) . There are marks of a state heading towards hyperinflation such as a period of uncheck rise in money supply. political and/or societal agitation. and/or wars or the consequences of wars. This latter class proves evident with Germany in the wake of World War I. Even as Germany made reparations in conformity with the Treaty of Versailles. the British demands led to stultifying effects on the German economic system. The â€Å"London Ultimatum† in May 1921 demanded reparations in gold to be paid in one-year installments of 2. 000. 000. 000 gold Markss plus 26 per centum of the value of Germany’s exports. 3 Before the ultimatum. the Mark â€Å"was comparatively stable at about 60 Marks per US dollar during the first half of 1921† ( â€Å"Hyperinflation† ) . Guttman stipulates that even as Germany made its first payment to the British in in August 1921 ( 21-26 ) . The seeds were planted for the rapid devaluation of the German currency which fell to less than one tierce of a cent by November 1921 about 330 Marks per US Dollar. The entire reparations demanded was far more than the entire German gold or foreign exchange. . The Germans printed more currency to cover its debt and at higher denominations. The Germans attempted to purchase foreign exchange with exchequer measures and commercial debt. but this unwittingly led to a quicker devaluation of the nation’s currency. More marks of hyperinflation appeared in Germany in the resulting old ages. Early on in 1922. the Mark temporarily stabilized at about 320 Marks per Dollar along with international reparation conferences. Unfortunately. nevertheless. these conferences offered no solution to Germany’s sufferings. and by December 1922. the value of the Mark dropped to 8000 Marks per Dollar. The cost of populating index was 41 in June 1922 roses to 685 in December. In January of the undermentioned twelvemonth. Gallic and Belgian military personnels that occupied the Ruhr vale in Germany demanded that reparations be paid in goods like coal since â€Å"the Mark was practically worthless† ( â€Å"Hyperinflation† ) . Reparations. accounted for one tierce of the German shortage from 1920 to 1923 ( Bresciani-Turroni. 93 ) . Germany printed ( see wikipedia ) The rising prices peaked in November 1923 when the authorities introduced the Rentenmark to replace the named Papiermark. The German authorities backed the Rentenmark with monies obtained from mortgaged lands and industrial goods. When the German people accepted this Rentermark. which had a fixed value. the rising prices ended. Another state that is perchance on the route to hyperinflation is the United States. Earlier in 2008. the Federal Reserve tried to bolster the dollar by take downing involvement rates and by harmonizing to Peter Schiff‘s â€Å"Dollar Bears: The route to hyper-inflation. † for illustration â€Å"switching out $ 200 billion dollars of exchequer debt for potentially worthless mortgage-backed securities. † The securities are considered worthless because no private equity house would even touch them. Paper dollars are Federal Reserve Note doing them the liabilities of the Fed. When the Fed puts new notes into circulation it does so by purchasing assets. normally U. S. exchequers. which it so holds on its balance sheet to countervail that liability. Schiff noted. â€Å"By trading exchequers for mortgages. the Fed efficaciously alters the digest of its balance sheet and the backup of its notes. † Schiff observed that â€Å"backing paper money with mortgages isn’t new. The Gallic tried it in the eighteenth century. and it [ led ] to hyperinflation. † Assignats. the currency which the French used in 1790 to help in funding the country’s revolution attempts. were backed by mortgages on confiscated church belongingss. The job was that the revolutionists continuously printed Assignats. despite deprecating the value of their ain currency. As Schiff stated. â€Å"By 1799 the currency was wholly worthless. † To avoid the possible hazard of investing in mortgage securities. the Fed could prosecute is zero rising prices policy utilizing the Keysenian macroeconomics theoretical account. Under this theoretical account the cardinal bank would keep a zero per centum nominal involvement rate. The intent is to promote investing in the economic system by doing capital purchases more enticing. Harmonizing to the pro-zero rising prices side in Rebecca Hellerstein‘s article â€Å"The Impact of Inflation. † â€Å"zero rising prices allow consumers and houses to compose simpler contracts and do long-run programs for retirement or future investing with less concern. † The statement. in the contrary. about the costs acquiring to this point would outweigh the benefits. Economic end product would be lost. Unemployment would lift. Workers would see lost in wage. because of Hellerstein provinces in her article. â€Å"Firms use rising prices to ‘cover’ accommodations in existent rewards. † Besides. retired persons wouldn’t see the cost of populating accommodations that that would have with a low to chair involvement rate due to zero rising prices. Furthermore. zero rising prices could take to deflation. and terrible deflation could take to high involvement rates with falling nominal monetary values. Germany. at the terminal of World War I went through a major economic crisis with hyperinflation because of rapid devaluation of its currency. Germany was unable to adequately run into the signifier of reparation of its war debt with England. This led the state to devaluate its ain currency to run into its demands. Because of this devaluation the Germans had to do other reparations in industrial goods like coal. America with its current rising prices and chases of a pecuniary policy that resembles what the Gallic pursued in the 1790s could take to hyperinflation. An option in the signifier of zero rising prices seems a proper class to some economic experts. but to the people themselves. the costs of making this point may be exceeded by the costs. WORKS CITED Bresciani-Turroni. Constantino. The Economics of Inflation. London: George Allen A ; Unwin. 1937. Cagan. Phillp. â€Å"The Monetary Dynamics of Hyperinflation. † in Milton Friedman ( Editor ) . Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1956. Guttman. William. The Great Inflation. London: Gordon A ; Cremonesi. 1975. Hellenstein. Rebecca. â€Å"The Impact of Inflation. † Regional Review Winter 1997. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. Boston MA. 4 May 2008 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //209. 85. 173. 104/search? q=cache: Ihqt79CzCR0J: World Wide Web. Bos. frb. org/economic/nerr/r r1997/winter/hell97_1. htm+zero+inflation+policy A ; hl=en A ; ct=clnk A ; cd=1 A ; gl=us gt ; . Hyperinflation. Wikipedia 28 April 2008. Wikipedia Foundation. Inc. . lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Hyperinflation gt ; . Schiff. Peter. â€Å"Dollar Bear: The Road to hyper-inflation. † Today’s Financial News 1 5 March 2008. TodaysFinancialNews. LLC. St. Paul MN. 4 May 2008 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. todaysfinancialnews. com/us-stocks-and-markets/dollar-bear- hyperinflation/ gt ; .

Social Media Optimization Increase Traffic Visibility - CoSchedule

Social Media Optimization Increase Traffic Visibility Are you familiar with social media optimization? If so, are your social media profiles and strategy optimized to help your content  rank in search and drive traffic to your blog? Its okay if your answer is I dont know. We wanted to know more about social media optimization and so we rolled up our shirt sleeves (not literally) and dug into some deep research. In this post, well share what weve found, and how to put some of that information to use. How To Increase Visibility With #SocialMedia Optimization via @bensailer What Is Social Media Optimization? The answer to this question is a little more complex and less obvious than what we expected to find. Marketer Rohit Bhargava is credited with coining the term back in 2006. According  to Bhargava, we can define social media optimization (SMO) as: The concept behind SMO is simple: implement changes to optimize a site so that it is more easily linked to, more highly visible in social media searches on custom search engines (such as Technorati), and more frequently included in relevant posts on blogs, podcasts and vlogs. Using this definition, SMO is similar to search engine optimization, in the sense that your goal is to maximize visibility and traffic to your site or blog from social media.  That sounds straightforward enough, but we also need to keep in mind that this definition is nearly ten years old. If SMO is anything like SEO,  then we can expect that some of those tactics which were relevant a decade ago, may no longer be relevant today. Our questions led to more questions before we started to find some real answers. We'll dig into optimizing your social channels in a bit, but there's something else we need to touch on first. Recommended Reading The Simple 10-Step-Guide To Better Search Engine Ranking For Writers How To Write Headlines That Drive Traffics, Shares, And Search Results Why Is Social Media Optimization Important? You have a few social media channels set up for your blog or business. You're posting content on a consistent basis (and you might even be using to help manage that process). There's always more you can be doing to make sure you're earning as much visibility  on social media as possible (and we say that because  we can always do more). Like with all things social media, once you stop moving, you start to sink. You have to keep active. Always crossing your T's and dotting your I's every single step of the way. When you stop moving on #socialmedia you start to sink. Be consistent! #blogging More specifically, SMO is  important because: Your social media profiles can rank for branded search terms, helping you hog more search result space. Paying attention to all the small aspects of SMO can add up and make a big impact. If you're not following these best practices, you may actually be hurting your social media presence and losing out on valuable referral traffic little by little. Once you've read this post, you'll be prepared to tackle the following goals: Increase the visibility of your social media profiles in searches. Drive more traffic to your blog or website from your social media platforms. Most of these recommendations pertain to small changes you can make on your  blog, website, and social media profiles. The focus here is on technical mechanics, rather than on the art and craft of creating content. Now, let's get to work. How To Make Your Blog Or Website Social Media-Friendly The first place to start with social media optimization is directly on your blog and/or website. This entails that you have a handful of items in place to make sure your site or blog displays content attractively when shared on social media. You'll also want to make sure it's easy and intuitive for users to share your content as well. You'll want to make sure your site or blog displays content attractively and is easy to share on social media. Add Social Sharing Buttons To Your Site Blog Posts If your site or blog doesn't have them already, it might be time to add social sharing buttons. While there is some debate over  the best placement for social media buttons on blogs, or whether people actually use them, they do make it easier for users to share your content. Need a plugin to add social sharing buttons to your blog?   Monarch  (paid) Social Warfare  (paid) Shareaholic  (free) Add Linkable Content To Your Static Website Pages Blog posts are inherently shareable on social media. If you didn't think your post was worth sharing, you probably wouldn't have written it in the first place. Static website pages  are pages on your blog or website that are static (like an "About Us" or "service" page). It can be difficult to make static pages interesting enough for people to share. And that isn't because they aren't important. It's because, there typically isn't much on those pages that make folks want to like, share, tweet, or pin them. What's the solution then? The solution is to  add value to your static website pages with linkable content. That means adding valuable content that can easily  be linked in social media posts. This provides something of value that people are likely to share with their followers. What can you add to your static pages to draw social media attention: White papers or e-books Videos Infographics Contest signup forms Create content that adds value to a page and gives readers a reason to share it. You could even consider creating hub pages with a ton of downloadable content all in one place. Our own Resource Library is just one example of what this idea can look like in action. Recommended Reading:  21 Social Media Engagement Tactics That Will Grow Your Audience Add Buttons In Your Blog Posts Adding a click-to-tweet button in your blog posts can  help give your content an extra push on Twitter. Pro Tip:  Pull interesting quotes or statistics that readers will likely find interesting and put them in click-to-tweet boxes so your readers can share them quickly. ClickToTweet is a simple web service that lets you create click-to-tweet links that you can copy and paste into your posts. Alternately, you can also use the awesome  Click-To-Tweet WordPress plugin  built by our very own team at . Here's what they look like in action: Are you doing social media optimization the right way? Find out here. #SMOAdd Twitter Cards And Facebook Open Graph Markup To Your Website, Blog, And Blog Posts Adding Twitter Cards and Facebook Open Graph markup to your web pages and blog posts can help you control how they appear when they are shared by others online. What Are Twitter Cards? Twitter Cards are simply a few lines of HTML that allow you to specify photos, videos, and other media that appear  when a page is shared on Twitter. There are four different types of cards you can choose from: Summary Cards: These include a page title, description, image thumbnail, and an @ attribution to your Twitter account. Summary Card With Large Images: These are the same as Summary Cards, but with a bigger image. App Cards: These feature a direct download link for a mobile app. Player Cards: These include a media player for video or audio content. Here's an example of what a Summary Card with a large image  can look like: What Is Facebook Open Graph Markup? In short, Facebook open graph markup is code that is added to your blog or website to help control how pages and posts appear on Facebook when people share them. It lets you control the image, title, and description that appears when a URL is shared on the platform. How To Implement Twitter Cards Facebook Open Graph Data On Your Home Page Twitter Cards are easy to implement on WordPress sites using the Yoast SEO plugin. Follow these steps to set yours up: Install the Yoast plugin,  if you haven't already. Find Yoast SEO in the WordPress dashboard on the left-hand-side navigational bar. Scroll down to Social and then select Twitter. Here, you can add Twitter card data to your site. You can also set it up to use a Summary Card or the Summary Cards with Large Images in your default option. Now that you've enabled the Twitter Card functionality, you'll need to specify which data and images you want to appear. For this step, we'll need to open the Facebook tab and fill out the Open Graph data. This information will be used when your home page is shared on both Facebook and Twitter, so you're knocking out two birds with one stone here. How To Add Twitter Cards And Facebook Open Graph Data To Individual Blog Posts Yoast also allows you to add Twitter cards to individual blog posts. Just scroll to the bottom of your blog post in WordPress, find the Yoast box (it should be easy to spot), and then click the button shown below  to find social media options. You'll be brought to a screen where you can add or edit the Open Graph data for Facebook. You'll also be able to create a card for Twitter here. That's all it takes. Pro Tip: For additional assistance on how to implement Twitter cards in WordPress, please visit Twitter's official Twitter Card support documentation. You'll find information for other content management systems there as well. How To Optimize Your Social Media Channels For Maximum Visibility Now that we know what social media optimization is, and we understand why it's important, it's time to get down to brass tacks and start implementing some tactics and best practices. Let's get started with one social media platform (Facebook, Twitter, Google Plus, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram, and Youtube) at a time. How To Optimize For Facebook Let's get your Facebook page looking its best. Even if you've already filled out your profile, there is always room for improvement. Optimize Your Cover Photo There's more to having a good cover photo than just slapping something in there with your logo. Make your cover image 851 pixels wide by 315 pixels tall. Choose an image that clearly communicates what your blog or brand is about. If you want potential followers to give their email address or to visit your promotion that's currently running, consider swapping out your cover photo to promote it. Include A Relevant Call-To-Action Button Facebook gives you seven different call-to-action button options  that you can use. These include: Book Now Contact Us Use App Play Game Shop Now Sign Up Watch Video Here's an example of what these call-to-action buttons can look like: See the signup button? It takes users straight to our homepage, where they can choose to sign up for a 14-day free trial with . (P.S. Do you see how we used the cover photo to point to the sign up button?) You could share a link to: An email signup form. A customer service page. An app download. E-commerce page, or anything else that may be applicable. To get the most from your cover photo: Use a visually appealing graphic with a snappy headline. Include a visual indicator pointing towards your CTA. Write a strong image description for your cover photo (If you'd like, you can even include another link there as well). Add A Comprehensive Bio Section To Help Your Profile Get Found Don't skimp on filling out your bio (or the rest of your profile). Be comprehensive and include as much information as you can to help your audience. Make sure your biography includes relevant keywords (much like you'd use to describe your business on your website, or your About page on your blog). Be descriptive and show your personality. Being thorough in completing your profile can help your Facebook company page rank in the search results. Make Sure Your URL And Contact Information Are Up-To-Date If you have a business with a physical location, make sure the address and phone number on your Facebook page match your website. Also  make sure your website or blog URL is correct. I know, these might really seem like minor details, but you'd be surprised how often these are omitted or left incorrect. Sometimes the devil is in the details and if you aren't careful those small things will group together into something larger. Are you including links in your #Facebook image captions? #bloggingInclude Links In Image Captions This is sometimes overlooked, but remember image captions  offer another place to add a link. It's a small detail, but it can help add a bit of traffic back to your blog or website. This goes for your cover photo too. Here's an example from our Facebook page (and in case you missed it, yes, we really did give pizzas away! :) Upload Video Directly To Facebook Video is growing in importance for content marketing, with YouTube dominating as the online video platform of choice. Facebook has  taken steps to be more competitive as a place to find prime video content. For this reason, Facebook prioritizes and favors video posted directly into Facebook, versus video shared from YouTube (or somewhere else). To get the most reach from your video content on Facebook: Try posting video files directly into Facebook. Even if you usually share videos on YouTube, you still can (and should) like usual, but consider sharing that same video directly to Facebook. Pro Tip: For tips on how to upload video, follow Facebook's official support documentation. Embed Video From Facebook Into Your WordPress Posts This is another great way to increase the  reach of your Facebook video content. For tips on how to embed Facebook video into WordPress, check out this video tutorial: Here's what an embedded video from Facebook could look like on your blog: //

Russia's Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Russia's Economy - Essay Example Firstly, with regards to the strength that exist within the Russian Federation, it can categorically be said that the natural resource markets for oil, natural gas, and mineral extraction have provided the Russian Federation with a runaway level of economic growth during a period in which much of the remainder of the world has been mired in recession. As a direct result of the fact that the Russian Federation has untold billions of barrels of oil in on reservoirs, the potential for growth within the near future is profound. Moreover, surveys into overall levels of natural gas resources within the Russian Federation indicate that this country has the largest known reserves of natural gas anywhere in the rest of the world.1 Copious supplies of coal, iron, gold, silver, diamonds, and other desired natural resources are also found in abundance in Russia’s the vast eastern wilderness. Finally, another core strength/bright spot of the Russian economy is concentric upon the fact that the Russian Federation exhibit a very high level of educational aptitude and higher learning; doubtless the result of decades of Soviet education that adequately equipped individuals with profound levels of scientific and engineering knowledge. However, apart from the bright spots and potentials for development that had previously been elaborated upon, perhaps the greatest drawback that exists currently within the Russian Federation is contingent upon the overall level of corruption within the country. At nearly almost every level, corruption is a stifling influence which creates unknown prices and incalculable expense for companies that choose to operate within its borders. Such a constraint to foreign direct investment has significantly reduces the overall number of firms that are actively interested in developing their companies further within the

Air Pollution in the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Air Pollution in the USA - Essay Example Air pollution is a very important topic for discussion and research since air itself is required for every creature and living thing on the surface of the planet. Not only on land but also in water since air pollution has an effect on the level of contaminants in the sea as well. Undoubtedly, air pollution levels have been rising in the recent past and the overall blame for that is given to human activity and the industrial and commercial ventures of civilization as a whole. While the effects of air pollution on the environment are often disastrous and not easily reversible, the central issue with air pollution concerns itself more with the quality of life on the planet. Since human beings are the predominant creators of air pollution and they are also the life form which objects violently to air pollution, the solution for the problem also has to come from them. There are several ways and means which are currently being utilized to prevent air pollution from becoming a mammoth problem and some of those are discussed in this paper. Method The research for this paper was conducted in the library and various electronic and manual sources were utilized to locate the information which is connected with air pollution, its effect on the environment and the means by which it can be prevented. After a quick reading of collected materials, five sources were selected for detailed examination with which the ideas and constructs presented in the paper were eventually formed. The results from the research clearly show that the largest and most significant causes of air pollution are the industrial and commercial activities of humans.

Rizal in Japan Essay Example for Free

Rizal in Japan Essay JAPAN Among the happiest moments of Rizal in his life was his sojourn in the Land of the Cherry Blossoms. He stayed in Japan for one month and a half from February 28 to April 13, 1888. He was charmed by the natural beauty of Japan, the manners of the Japanese people and the picturesque of shrines. He also fell in love with a Japanese girl, who loveliness infused joy and romance in his sorrowing heart. Morning of Tuesday, February 28, 1888, Rizal arrived at Yokohama and stayed in the Grand Hotel. The following day, he moved to Tokyo and took a room at the Tokyo Hotel where he stayed from March 2 to 7. He was impressed by the city of Tokyo. After his arrival in Tokyo, Rizal was visited by Juan Perez caballero, secretary of Spanish Legation. The latter invited him to live at the Spanish Legation. Rizal knew that this was the Spanish government’s way of monitoring Rizal but he accepted anyways. On March 7, he moved out of Tokyo Hotel and lived at the Spanish Legation. He and Perez Caballero became good friends and described him as a young, fine and an excellent writer. During his first day in Tokyo, Rizal could talk the Japanese language. He had a hard time for shopping for he could not be understood and children laughed at him. With his situation, Rizal decided to study the Japanese language. He was able to speak within a few days. At Japan he studied the Japanese drama, arts, music, and judo. He also visited museums, libraries, art galleries, and shrines. He visited Meguro, Nikko, Hakone, Miyanoshita, and the charming villages of Japan. During one time, Rizal went to the park and heard the Tokyo band playing a classical work of Strauss. He was impressed by the great performances of the Western music. He thought to himself how admirable their renditions are and ondered how they have assimilated the modern European music to the extent of playing the beautiful masterpieces of the European composers so well. The band stopped playing and to his surprised they were speaking

Contemporary Society Essay -- Australian Contemporary Society

Contemporary Society Name: Institution: Contemporary Society Social and political scientists have associated contemporary society with a myriad of characteristics which include rapid technological advancements, greater human interactions, promotion of gender equality, and respect for human rights (Halcli & Browning, 2000, p. 226). However, many obstacles have stood on the way to achieving a number of important social issues such as ensuring proper gender equity in various government and private institutions. The Australian contemporary society is no exception as recent developments in the military composition have revealed a gap in gender equity among other gender sensitive issues. The Australian Defense Force (ADF) is grappling with increasing cases of misconduct and violation of women’s rights following recent sex scandals involving military cadets as well as a very low number of women recruits. The revelations have sparked strong reactions among those involved in the leadership of the Australian Defense Force Academy (ADFA) and the ADF in general. Apart from sexual predation, other issues which have been unearthed include alcoholism among male and female military personnel, and intimidation and bullying of female officers. In the midst of all these chaos within a highly regarded institution such as the ADF, the question arises as to whether the scenario reflects the contemporary Australian society. Therefore, this paper attempts to discuss these issues in light of the degree to which the culture in the ADF reflect contemporary Australian society. The latest most sensitive news regarding the Australian Defense Force Academy (ADFA) have been nothing less of shocking. Evidence has pointed to cases of sexua... ...rather not be tempted to imply that female military personnel carry no taint of misconduct. According to (Packham, 2011), the first year cadet pleaded guilty to charges of drinking and being absent without leave. In addition, the sexual encounter was said to have been consensual. This culture of breaking the rules in the ADF reflect a society whereby alcoholism has played a major role in contributing to misconduct. Both genders are affected but it seems to be rampant among males. The current situation depicts a scenario whereby the question of gender is being handled on the basis of a struggle whereby women are engaged in a fight to be recognized and respected. This is happening under a strong cultural influence in which gender roles are finely defined and women are not expected to have an equal footing with men in certain areas.

Level 3 Diploma in Health and Social Care, Children and Young People Unit 11 Essay

Poverty can have a huge impact on a Young Persons life. A family living on a low –income or benefits might not be able to provide for their children as they would like or as is necessary. Accommodation may be poor and inadequate, with not enough space or functioning essential home items. Money may not be available to pay the energy bills. The children’s dietary needs may be affected by low income. The local community in low-income areas may be impoverished. This may lead to a higher crime rate, vandalism of local amenities, reducing the Young Person access to local parks and playgrounds and affecting them being able to play outside of the house at leisure time. The prospects of a lack of continued higher education after school and fulfilling employment in impoverished areas could affect the Young Persons outlook on life causing fear and insecurities and a lack of motivation. In some research carried out by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation in 2007 into the impact of poverty on young children’s experience of school, the key points found from interviewing 220 children aged Four to Eleven as well as parents and teachers were The level of disadvantage they face determines how most children experience school. Poorer children in the study accepted that they were not going to get the same quality of schooling, or the same outcomes, as better-off children. Children and parents identified the main costs of school as uniform (including shoes), lunches and school trips. Children in disadvantaged schools were very aware of all the costs and of the difficulties parents faced in finding as little as 50 pence or a pound for school events. The experiences of school for children from poorer families were narrower and less rich. For example, children in disadvantaged schools had limited access to music, art and out-of-school activities that children in advantaged schools generally took for granted. Boys as young as nine in disadvantaged schools were disenchanted with school and starting to disengage. They are being particularly failed by the education system due to the interaction of: educational disadvantage faced by children growing up in poverty; the difficulties faced by teachers in disadvantaged schools; and differences in the ways that boys and girls are socialised. Social Issues – Divorce introduces a massive change into the life of a child no matter what the age. Witnessing the loss of love between parents, having parents break their marriage commitment, adjusting to going back and forth between two different households, and the daily absence of one parent while living with the other, all create a challenging new family circumstance in which to live. In the personal history of the boy or girl, parental divorce is a life-changing event. Life that follows is significantly changed from how it was before. For the young child, divorce affects the trust of the parents who can now behave in an extremely undependable way due to their own problems and life changing circumstances. This can produce anxiety, aggression and rebellious behaviours in a child. Cultural – I have chosen to look at one aspect of Culture and that is Religion and it’s positive effects on young people. Religious practice is usually done in a  group context and thus involves social relationships. These relationships can provide friendship and social support in times of emotional needs. Religious participation can have beneficial psychological effects. Religion can improve psychological health through increased self-esteem, producing a sense of belonging to the immediate religious group and an interconnection with the world, which is so lacking in modern times, and can help a young person to find meaning in life. Family participation is typical in religious activities, as distinct from other groups that family members may individually participate in (e.g., sports clubs, after school clubs, book clubs) that tend to separate people by age, sex, and personal interest. Thus, if the whole family practices the same religion, religious activities can serve to strengthen ties among family members. 3. 2.3 The choices young people make can have immediate and long-term effects on their lives. As adults and support staff we have to ensure we empower young people to make the right decisions. Children and young people can be seen as experts in their own lives; they often know what it feels like to be in their situation and to have had their personal experiences. Children and young people know something different to adults. It has ben said that adults follow paths, children explore. Treating children and young people as experts in their own lives means showing respect for what they say or communicate. This is not to say that children and young people always know what is in their best interests and they often want adults to help them make important decisions. Sometimes it is the role of adults (parents, family and professionals) to set boundaries and to identify the best course of action. Yet this needs to be done with children and young people who may know best how they feel. Some of the choices young people face making are – academic, career pathway and lifestyle choices i.e. smoking, drinking and drug taking. Children and young people with disabilities may need parents and support staff to make decisions for them if they are unable to due to their conditions. This always needs to be done in the best interests of the child and within international and local law and guidelines. Learning outcome 2 – Understand how practitioners can make a positive difference in the outcomes for children and young people 1. 2. Every child is an individual with individual needs and their own potential that they should be encouraged to develop. As support staff we should try to get to know the young people we are caring for as best as is possible to be able to achieve this. Sometimes the positive outcomes for a young person are seemingly small, but because of varying disabilities these small steps can be massive. One of the young people I am supporting has many issues with diet. I recently through much hard work encouraged him to try a new food. This addition to his diet is the first new foodstuff he has eaten in Three years. We should be constantly striving to help our young people to be all they can be through the person centered approach to caring. With the help of the multi-disciplinary team working holistically each young person can actuate to the best of their abilities. Each young person has their own care plan, which is constantly updated through the feed back from all staff supporting that YP. These care plans are in place so each member of staff is aware of the specific needs of the individual. The person centered approach to care means we are supporting and treating the individual and not the disability.